Commonly used auxotrophic markers

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This table describes some commonly used auxotrophic markers (along with some novel useful markers); it is based on a table in Brachmann et al. (1998) "Designer deletion strains derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C: a useful set of strains and plasmids for PCR-mediated gene disruption and other applications." Yeast 14:115-132. Please send e-mail to the curators at SGD at sgd-helpdesk@lists.stanford.edu if you have additions or modifications you would like to suggest.

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Allele Deleted ORF? Reverts? Notes Molecular Descriptiona Reference

ade1-14

no

yes

red colonies

TGG-to-TGA nonsense change at codon 244; GGA-to-GAA missense change at codon 185

Nakayashiki et al. 2001

ade2-1

no

yes

ochre mutation

TTA-to-TTG silent change at codon 9, GAA-to-TAA ochre nonsense change at codon 64, AGA-to-GGA missense change at codon 101, GTT-to-GTC silent change at codon 124, ACG-to-ACA silent change at codon 539

Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD

ade2-101

no

yes

ochre mutation, red colonies

G to T transversion at nucleotide 190, changing codon 64 from a Glu to a Stop

Gai and Voytas, 2005

ade2-BglII

no

no

red colonies

frameshift (BglII site filled in at position 592)

Engebrecht and Roeder 1990

can1-100

no

yes

ochre mutation

AAA-to-TAA ochre nonsense change at codon 47

Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD

his3delta200

yes

no

Cold sensitive; high frequency of petite formation, especially during transformation. Note that this deletion damages the PET56 promoter. See Zhang et al. (2003) for a discussion of this issue.

1 kb deletion (-205 to 835)

Struhl 1985; Fasullo and Davis 1988

his3delta1

partial

no

187 bp HindIII-HindIII internal deletion (305 to 492)

Scherer and Davis 1979

his3-11,15

no

no

double mutant

G deletion at nucleotide 208, G deletion at nucleotide 319

Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD

leu2delta1

partial

no

EcoRI-ClaI internal deletion (163 to 649, 0.6 kb)

Sikorski and Hieter 1989

leu2-3,112

no

no

double mutant

GTC-to-GTT silent change at codon 56, GTT-to-GCT missense change at codon 69, G insertion at nucleotide 249, G insertion at nucleotide 792, GTT-to-GTC silent change at codon 299, GAC-to-AAC missense change at codon 300

Hinnen et al. 1978; Gaber and Culbertson 1982; Meira LB et al., 1995; Rodney Rothstein, Personal communication to SGD

lys2-801

no

yes

amber mutation

lys2delta202

partial

no

XhoI-HpaI internal deletion (1813 to 2864, 1.0 kb)

Winston et al. 1995

trp1delta1

yes

no

cold sensitiveb, weak galactose inducer (deletes GAL3 UAS), removes ARS1, also called trp1-901

1.45 kb deletion, EcoRI-EcoRI (-102 to 1352)

Sikorski and Hieter 1989

trp1delta63

partial

no

cold sensitiveb

0.6 kb deletion, EcoRI-HindIII (-102 to 513)

Sikorski and Hieter 1989

trp1-1

no

yes

amber mutation

GAG-to-TAG amber nonsense change at codon 83

McDonald et al. 1997

trp1-1

no

yes

cold sensitiveb

C to T at residue 403 of the coding sequence, changing residue 135 from glutamine to an amber stop codon

Brian Green and Joachim Li, unpublished results

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aThe sequence coordinates are relative to the first ATG of the selectable marker ORF, in which the A residue is defined as +1.

bAll trp- strains are cold sensitive (Singh and Manney 1974).